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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most frequent mental health problems that affects 40 million adults in the United States. There are a variety of medications available to treat it.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. In contrast to benzodiazepines, they're addictive.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These medications can also be used to treat depression as well as relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder. It can take up one month for them to start working.

They work by increasing the amount of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. They're typically the first treatment option for anxiety, though doctors also employ other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants called serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They are a bit different from SSRIs as they reduce norepinephrine, but at a lower level than SSRIs. These medications take a long time to work and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, notably GAD. Their drowsiness, along with other adverse effects make them less popular. Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant used to treat anxiety. Their high toxicity risk and dietary restrictions limit their use.

Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short term, such as when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to begin working. These medications can cause dependence tolerance, sedation, and tolerance and withdrawal symptoms like a depression, anxiety, and delirium. Benzodiazepines can be found in alprazolam, clonazepam, as well as lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of any treatment for anxiety. It assists you to better know your symptoms and their root causes. Many people discover that both therapy and medication help to manage anxiety. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as medications for anxiety. Talk with your doctor about your options and determine what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also alleviate symptoms of bodily stress related to fear (like heart rate or shaking) and encourage sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid, at receptors within the central nervous system. They boost the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters and reducing the number of messages sent to the amygdala. This is a region of the brain which assesses threats and creates a sense of fear.

These medications can be used for short durations like when panic attacks occur or if you're experiencing extreme anxiety. They may relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. In contrast to SSRIs, benzodiazepines don't remain in the body for a long time. They're fast-acting and usually perform in just a few hours, making them suitable for situations where immediate relief is required (like on a plane flight or before giving an event in public).

They are addictive, and it is recommended to only prescribe them for up to four weeks at each time. After that, they also cease to be effective.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines were so popular was they were efficient and had a few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, like barbiturates or meprobamate. They are effective and have a rapid start, and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos are often blamed for the negative attitudes toward anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s. This included the stigmatization of anxiety and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment causes physical dependence. However however, benzodiazepines still play a significant role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly when they are combined with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications, causing undesirable side effects such as drowsiness and disorientation. It's important to let your doctor be aware of any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medications you're currently considering or taking. Go through the British National Formulary A natural ways to treat anxiety Z list of interactions with medications to determine which medications are safe when taken with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and other mental conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants for other health conditions as well, including eating disorders, certain kinds of pain and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are usually prescribed as a first-line treatment option for anxiety by doctors, however they might not work for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working, the doctor may try an older type known as a tetracyclic, or tricyclic antidepressant. This includes amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants, but still accessible. Your doctor can also prescribe the antidepressant with a sedating effect, trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses to treat anxiety depression treatment or insomnia.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine can also be helpful. These drugs are also available in generic form. If they don't work your doctor, you can try the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the sedative antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Treatments for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the heart rate and blood pressure by preventing the action of adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be beneficial when used in conjunction with psychological therapy.

Psychotherapy can help you change negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute towards your anxiety. It will help you learn to control your anxiety, and build coping skills. Based on your specific condition, you might undergo exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to confront unhelpful and fearful thoughts, and overcome your fear of situations that trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the level of anxiety provoking situations until they can be managed. It can be done either in a group, or by yourself. In both cases, Meds That treat Anxiety results take time to appear. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best choice for some people. However, others find that medication alone is sufficient to treat their symptoms. Inform your doctor about how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can also help alleviate your symptoms. Beta blockers, antihistamines and buspirone are all prescribed to reduce anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in your brain chemicals and can ease your symptoms by lowering or blocking signals that cause you anxiety and stress. However, they're not an all-in-one solution. You will still require a variety of methods to manage anxiety, including physical exercise as well as relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are your most commonly prescribed anxiety medications that your doctor might prescribe. According to research, these medications are the most effective for treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) and Citropram, fluoxetine, and escitalopram. These drugs can cause mild side effects like insomnia and nausea, but these tend to subside within 4-8 weeks. In contrast to benzodiazepines, these are not addictive and won't increase your risk of having suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam, diazepoxide, and clonazepam (Valium), provide immediate relief from panic and anxiety attacks. However, they could cause side effects such as drowsiness and dizziness. They may also cause memory and coordination issues, and even dependence. They're a less popular choice over the more traditional barbiturates but are just as efficient.

Antihistamines, like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), were developed to relieve allergies however, they're also used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain and may cause the body to relax. It's not a controlled substance and therefore doesn't carry the same addiction risks like benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that can aid with anxiety is a group of medications called anticonvulsants, which have been proven to reduce anxiety by affecting the release and production of dopamine and serotonin. They can be prescribed in combination with other medications or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are appropriate for you. They'll also talk about how long you should be taking them and any potential negative side effects. Anxiety medication is only available with a prescription, so you'll need to visit a psychiatrist before you can get them.