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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine discount espresso machines makes use of precise pressure and mind-blowing filter technology to create the delicious coffee we enjoy. But how exactly does it work?

To make espresso hot water is forced under high pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee. However it is the pressure that makes the main difference.

The Group Head

As the name implies, the group head is the place you put your portafilter in when making espresso. It distributes water into the portafilter and controls the pressure of the extraction. There are numerous kinds of group heads each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some are focused on temperature stability, while others on pre-infusion capabilities, and still others are designed to control the lever. There are also some that contain a variety of features, like the E61, which is considered the most popular choice among baristas for its ability to offer multiple benefits in one package.

As you can see in the photo above The group head features several notches to place your portafilter before twisting it by hand to secure it. There is also a gasket made of rubber that resides inside the notches, which helps create a seal when you insert your portafilter into the machine. The notches permit precise placement of the portafilter. This is crucial for a consistent extraction.

The group head does not just allow you to place your portafilter easily, but it also maintains the temperature at a constant level. It does this by cycling hot water through the brew container and around the portafilter to ensure that it is always at the right temperature for extraction. This is important, as even a few degrees can make the difference between a good and great espresso.

The Pump

Motorized pumps in rotary espresso machines supply the nine atmospheric bars of pressure required for espresso extraction. This is different from manual piston machines which use a lever. The pressure is built by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps tend to be less expensive than piston-driven models, and they tend to last longer, although both types of machines may degrade with overuse and insufficient cleaning. They also increase the complexity of mechanical systems which can result in an expensive price for even the most basic models.

Certain espresso machines eliminate the pump entirely and utilize steam pressure to make espresso. This can cause over-extraction because the boiler that produces steam also heats the water to boil. In addition these machines are often required to restore their pressure between cups, which takes time and energy.

Many espresso machines make use of either a rotary or vibration pump, which is a vibration model using a vibrating disc to generate the pressure, and the rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both machines can make great espresso but rotary machines are quieter, more durable and less likely to break.

The Boiler

The boiler will heat the water to the perfect temperature for extraction. The resulting steam is then transferred to the portafilter which holds the ground espresso coffee and gets funnelled down into the cup. The steam creates enough pressure to push the grounds of coffee through. This produces a layer of crema that is then poured over. This is a sign of a good espresso.

There are three kinds of espresso makers, which differ in the type of pump they use and how hot the espresso is. There are a variety of ways to control the strength of the brew and the size of cup that can be produced by the machine.

The first espresso machines were steam-types. They had a single boiler to make both steam and brew but the pressure they could generate was low - only two bars of atmospheric pressure, at most. This resulted in the coffee tasting burnt and bitter. This is the reason Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni invented the modern espresso machine.

The most common retro espresso maker maker is a semi-automatic machine with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they envision these machines. With a semi-automatic espresso machine, you must grind the beans and tamp them by hand, but the pump controls the flow of water and pressure. This is an excellent compromise between human touch and the mechanised consistency.

The Filter

Espresso machines typically use a filter that separates the grounds of coffee from hot water. The filter is also a crucial component of the temperature control system as it prevents the machine from overheating.

A filter also helps with flavor, as it permits a longer flowering period. This lets the beans release their flavors, and allows for a better extraction.

It is important to keep in mind that even the best filter can make a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans, as well as the extraction, are still very important.

It's here that the magic takes place. This is what makes espresso taste so good. The grouphead, also called the brew head, is the place where the portafilter (the thingy you put the ground coffee into) is located when you're making espresso.

Steam-driven Retro Espresso Maker machines use hot water heated in an airtight container to produce steam. The steam then pushes hot water into the coffee grounds under high pressure. These types of machines are usually cheaper and easier to maintain than pump-driven models. However, they are limited in their capacity to create the perfect brewing conditions since they operate at 1-1.5 bars of pressure. However, the perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air-driven espresso machines have been gaining popularity. They utilize an air compressor to force hot water through the ground and are much more mobile than steam-driven electric espresso machines.