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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Although therapy is the best treatment for anxiety, occasionally a short course of medication is required. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are among the medications that can be used to treat anxiety.

SSRI antidepressants such as citalopram (Celexa), the escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft), improve the communication between nerve cells in the brain, and may reduce anxiety. SNRIs that target the chemical serotonin and norepinephrine may also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the first class of medication doctors prescribe to treat anxiety disorders. They stop nerve cells from re-absorption of serotonin in the brain, a chemical that is vital for the regulation of mood. The drugs take time to begin working, but most people are better after about 4 to 6 weeks. SSRIs are not habit-forming and do not cause addiction, which means they can be used for longer durations of time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. The SNRIs include citalopram, Escitalopram and fluoxetine (Prozac), paraxetine (Paxil) and sertraline. Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil), doxepine and an Anxiety Disorder stimulant are also used to treat anxiety and depression. Novel antidepressants, such as mirtazapine (Remeron) are also sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors aren't sure exactly how SSRIs and other SNRIs work, but they do know that they enhance activity of certain chemical messengers in the brain, referred to as neurotransmitters. They prevent the brain from absorbing chemicals and permit these chemicals to interact with receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They can also help with the bulimia nervosa disorder and binge eating disorder, but this is not as common.

Atypical antipsychotics can be prescribed to people with anxiety who do not respond to SSRIs. Examples include quetiapine, (Abilify) and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These drugs relieve anticipatory anxiety treatment for people suffering from obsessive compulsive disorders. They are typically prescribed in conjunction with an antidepressant. they are less likely of serious side effects compared to other antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers, also known as beta-blockers, can Anxiety go Away without treatment be used to combat anxiety and are frequently prescribed for heart problems. Examples include propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can reduce physical symptoms of anxiety for people with social anxiety disorder. They can also assist in reducing anxiety before or after surgery, and for certain chronic pain conditions. The benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam (Ativan) can be used to treat symptoms when other medications aren't working. However, benzodiazepines can cause dependence and may be addictive.

SNRIs

SNRIs are a kind of antidepressant medication that is typically prescribed to combat anxiety depression treatment. They work in a similar manner similar to SSRIs however they also boost the quantity of norepinephrine as well as serotonin. They are therefore more efficient in treating certain anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder and anxiety panic disorder. Like other medications, these are most effective when used in conjunction with talking therapy and other treatment for generalized anxiety strategies.

In contrast to other benzodiazepines, SNRIs aren't able to cause addiction or dependence in most people. Some sufferers may experience withdrawal symptoms when stopping a medication after a prolonged period of use. It is crucial to talk with your doctor before discontinuing any medication.

Serotonin and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters responsible for stress and mood responses. They play a key role in the fight-or-flight response that a lot of people suffering from anxiety experiences. SNRIs prevent nerve cells from rapidly soaking up these neurotransmitters by blocking the process of reuptake. They help keep these chemicals in the body for longer, and can boost mood, decrease anxiety, or even alleviate anxiety attacks.

Norepinephrine is also essential for anxiety because it activates the amygdala which is a nebulous and primordial part of the brain that is associated with fear-related behaviors. SNRIs decrease the activity of this area of the brain. This can boost mood, anxiety and even help with panic attacks.

These drugs are extremely beneficial however they can increase suicidal thinking in some people. Due to this, they are usually prescribed in higher doses and for a short period of time. In addition, these medications may interact with other drugs and substances. If you're taking any other prescription or over-the-counter medications, make sure you discuss this with your doctor and keep them informed of any underlying medical conditions you suffer from including heart problems and bleeding-related diseases. Also, be aware that some patients have reported adverse reactions to SNRIs like dry mouth and nausea.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines, or benzos, as they're often called -- are quick-acting medications that can help ease anxiety and anxiety-related symptoms like insomnia and muscle tension. They are useful in some people with anxiety disorders, like panic disorder and social anxiety particularly if other treatments, such as SSRIs or psychotherapy (talk therapy), don't work. They can also be helpful as a short-term solution, such as while you wait for an antidepressant to start working. Benzos include diazepam, temazepam, and flurazepam.

They typically begin working within 30 minutes since they are rapid-acting. The meds don't last in the body very long, therefore they should be regularly taken to get the full benefits. Utilizing benzos for prolonged periods of time can cause addiction and physical dependence and should be used only for the most brief period of time. Benzos are not recommended by people with anxiety or depression as they could increase the risk.

People who use benzos over an extended period, without medical supervision and often without the direction of a doctor, could develop a condition known as sedative use disorders, which can include withdrawal symptoms and addiction. This is a rare issue for people who take benzos on prescription. Benzo abuse usually stems from other factors like alcoholism or depression.

Taking benzodiazepines for the long term can also cause tolerance to their effects on sedation. If you develop tolerance of the effects, you need to take more of the medication to have the same effect. In certain cases it can result in respiratory depression, coma and death. Even if you're taking benzodiazepines for a long time, it is important to follow the prescribed dosage.

Other Medical Treatments

SSRIs and SNRIs are the first medications doctors will typically prescribe for anxiety. They alter serotonin which affects mood appetite, sleep, and mood. They can take as long as 12 weeks to start working and may cause adverse effects, such as insomnia or nausea. SSRIs can also be used to treat mental disorders, such as panic disorder, depression, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Unlike benzodiazepines, antidepressants don't cause physical dependence, but they can trigger withdrawal symptoms if abruptly discontinued.

The medications in this class are sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They can be used as a single drug or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants can be prescribed by a psychologist, psychiatrist or family physician who has specialized training in the field of medication management.

Doctors can prescribe a class called monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. They block the actions of enzymes that break chemical into smaller pieces, such as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. MAOIs may take three or four weeks to work however they aren't as quick-acting as SSRIs.

Another medication that can help manage anxiety is clonidine, which is used to lower high blood pressure. However, it has limited use in treating anxiety. Its effectiveness is limited due to side effects such as hypotension and sedation. Doctors may prescribe antihistamines, such as hydroxyzine, to reduce symptoms of anxiety and panic attacks. Some patients may also experience a decrease in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines.

Anxiety is typically treated by the combination of medication, psychotherapy and exercise. The most effective approach is to work with someone who is specialized in treating anxiety disorders. They can assist you in working through the underlying causes of your anxiety and recommend strategies for managing it without medication, if necessary. Other options for treating anxiety that do not require medication include eye movement desensitization and mindfulness meditation, reprocessing and yoga that is trauma-informed. Speak to your therapist to determine the best options for you. Psychologists are trained to evaluate your medical history, symptoms, and develop an anxiety treatment plan that is appropriate for you. When creating the plan, they will consider your diagnosis, lifestyle medical background, lifestyle, and personal preferences. They can also make adjustments over time.